The successful development of carbon sponge has made those "graphene powders" impulsive. However, the reporter learned in an interview that the superb research group of professors of the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering of Zhejiang University has more than just research and development of graphene applications.
In 2011, the superb research group has tried to spin nano-scale graphene oxide sheets into macrographene fibers up to several meters long. This kind of graphene fiber not only has high strength but also good toughness, and may be the key material for realizing the application of graphene in real devices (such as flexible batteries and solar cells).
In 2012, based on the original one-dimensional fiber, the Gaochao research group studied the two-dimensional composite material made of graphene and imitating shells. The carbon sponge is a superb three-dimensional product made of graphene.
In response to the current market fry on carbon sponges, Gao Chao believes that the most easily industrialized at present is the composite material-reinforced nylon. The composite material here is an application of graphene spinning fibers.
Experimental data shows that with this composite material, the weight of nylon only increases by 1 ‰, and the strength is expected to double. This means that if the industrialization of composite materials can be achieved, the annual resource consumption of nylon will be reduced by 1/2. In addition, compared with carbon fiber, graphene spinning fiber is less polluted during the manufacturing process, while carbon fiber generally adopts wet spinning, the process is very corrosive and the pollution is serious.
Gao Chao said that researchers are also trying to increase the strength of the spinning fiber. At present, the strength of graphene spinning fiber is still far from the carbon fiber strength, about 0.5gpa, once it can reach 1gpa, it can be industrialized. According to optimistic estimates, once the spinning fiber strength reaches 10gpa, it means that the space elevator dream goes further.
In addition, Gao Chao told reporters that due to the conductive properties of graphene, another possible application of graphene spinning fibers is ultra-light wires. The above-mentioned ultra-light wires are much lighter than metal wires. However, he told reporters that although the theory proves that graphene transfers electrons at room temperature faster than all known conductors and semiconductors, its current conductivity is not as good as that of metals, and it needs to be improved.
"Ultra-thin nanofiltration membranes are another application field of chemical graphene oxide." Gao Chao said that graphene oxide can be made into macrographene fibers or ultra-thin nanofiltration membranes. According to reports, through the chemical redox method, graphene will form natural pores with pore diameters of about 1 to 2 nanometers, which are expected to be used for environmental protection filtration and seawater desalination.
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