Designing the Development of China's Relevant Industries with the Idea of ​​Circular Economy

Considering the long-term development of the Chinese nation, for the sake of the development of future generations, we must develop the economy with the minimum cost of resources and environment, and protect the environment with the minimum economic cost. This should become the starting point and purpose of China's development of circular economy. To develop our country's circular economy, it is necessary to meet the national conditions, and we must consider the long-term. We have no cheap resources and environmental capacity in the industrialization of developed countries, and we cannot afford the resource consumption and environmental pollution brought about by traditional development methods.

First, create an eco-industrial park. In accordance with the principle of ecosystem circulation and symbiosis, a symbiotic combination of industries that share resources and exchange by-products should be formed among different enterprises so that the waste generated in the upstream production process can become the raw material of the downstream production process, and the comprehensive utilization can be realized to achieve mutual resources. The optimal configuration to promote the development of circular economy. Specifically speaking, it is possible to construct a circular economy industrial system from different dimensions: Within the enterprise, we must vigorously develop the ecological industry. Eco-industry is based on clean production-oriented industries, using the idea of ​​circular economy to design dust production system and production process, and promote the recycling of raw materials and energy. The United States industry believes that the ecological industry will become the national development goal of American industry and become the dominant manufacturing method of the 21st century. Between production, we must vigorously develop eco-industrial chains or eco-industrial parks, link different factories to form an industrial symbiosis that shares resources and exchange by-products, making the waste gas, waste heat, waste water, and waste from this plant another factory. Raw materials and energy. This ecological chain can even be extended to different industrial sectors including industry, agriculture and animal husbandry.

Second, vigorously develop the resources recycling industry. We will promote the recycling of renewable resources and industrial development with the recycling of waste materials as the main content. According to incomplete statistics, the recycling value of renewable resources in major developed countries in the world amounts to about 250 billion U.S. dollars each year, and it grows at a rate of 15%-20%. 45% of world steel production, 62% of copper, 22% of aluminum, 40% of lead, 30% of zinc, and 35% of paper products come from the recycling of renewable resources. The use of renewable resources for production not only saves natural resources, curbs the proliferation of waste, but also consumes less energy and uses fewer pollutants than mineral materials. As one of the important signs of industrialization, China's automobile industry will develop rapidly. The entry of small cars into the family is also the goal of the Outline of the 10th Five-Year Plan. Around the production and consumption of cars can develop a circular economy. For example, many items in scrapped cars, such as old engines and used tires, can be used for higher value. The production of remanufactured engines using old generators as "blanks" can not only recycle resources, but also solve the continuing supply of various parts that automakers have stopped producing. Its price is only 50-60% of the new machine, 85% of the old engine's resource value has been used; and the return furnace only uses the original value of 3% + waste 1 day tire recycling is also true. Internationally, the amount of used tires is generally 10% of new tires. China produces 101 million new tires per year, generating about 30 million used tires, and only 4 million have been refurbished, accounting for 4% of new tires; foreign retreaded tires account for 10% of new tires, a significant gap. According to calculations, each retreaded tire can save 4 kg of rubber, 2 kg of carbon black, 1.7 kg of nylon cord, 18 kg of petroleum, and 1 kg of steel. The recycling of other scrap metal, waste plastics, waste rubber, and waste paper can also produce better economic benefits.

Third, actively promote clean production and strive to increase the efficiency of the use of energy resources. China is now in the midst of industrialization and will enter the fast lane of development. The shift of the “world manufacturing center” that is coming to China will depend on the consumption of resources, especially mineral resources. However, the resource situation in our country is not optimistic. The iron-rich mine as a raw material for iron and steel has always been imported. In 2001, it imported more than 90 million tons. Many of China’s proven mineral resources have insufficient reserves for economic utilization. On the other hand, extensive use of methods and low level of comprehensive utilization have resulted in great waste. The total recovery rate of mineral resources in the country is only 30%, and the combined utilization rate of associated mineral resources is less than 20%, far below the average level of more than 50% in foreign countries. China’s per-capita share of resources is less than half of the world’s average. Extensive use of resources exacerbates the shortage of natural resources. It is necessary to meet the needs of industrialized urbanization without exerting too much pressure on resources and environment, and only increase the efficiency of the use of resources and energy. Therefore, in our country's urban construction, in the development of industry and transportation, we must pay special attention to energy conservation, improve the efficiency of energy use, and achieve economic growth with zero growth or even reduction of energy as soon as possible.

Fourth, continue to promote the comprehensive utilization of bulk industrial waste. The process of industrialization in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan in China has shown that industrialization has suffered. The loss of more than 30% of arable land should arouse our great attention. The rational use and protection of arable land is not only a major issue related to China's food security, but also a material basis for "to save the land and stay with the children and grandchildren" to ensure the sustainable development of future generations. In 2000, China produced 540 billion solid clay bricks, destroyed and used about 100 million mu of arable land. The burning of bricks requires a large amount of coal, and the emitted smoke and dust also pollute the environment and affect human health. Using bulk materials such as fly ash and coal gangue to produce building materials instead of solid clay bricks not only protects the land “this lifeline” but also reduces energy consumption.