Xinhua Net
On March 5, the Ministry of Finance invited the Second Session of the 13th National People's Congress to review the "Report on the Implementation of the Central and Local Budgets in 2018 and the Central and Local Budgets in 2019", proposing that the central government will actively support pollution prevention and control in 2019. Winning the blue sky defense war is the top priority. The central government's budget for air pollution prevention and control is 25 billion yuan, an increase of 25%.
Recently, entrusted by the State Council, the Ministry of Finance submitted to the Second Session of the 13th National People's Congress on March 5 to review the "Report on the Implementation of the Central and Local Budgets in 2018 and the Central and Local Budgets in 2019."
The report stated that the central government will actively support pollution prevention and control in 2019. The battle for winning the blue sky will be the top priority. The central government’s budget for air pollution prevention and control will be 25 billion yuan, an increase of 25%. The elimination of urban black and odorous water bodies will be the focus of water pollution control, and the funding arrangement for water pollution prevention and control will be 30 billion yuan, an increase of 45.3%. Support the full implementation of the action plan for soil pollution prevention and control, and the funding for soil pollution prevention and control will be 5 billion yuan, an increase of 42.9%.
Entrusted by the State Council, the Ministry of Finance submitted to the Second Session of the 13th National People's Congress on March 5 to review the "Report on the Implementation of the Central and Local Budgets in 2018 and the Central and Local Budgets in 2019."
The summary is as follows:
I. Implementation of central and local budgets in 2018
The central and local budgets are performing well.
(1) The general public budget revenue and expenditure in 2018.
1. National general public budget.
The national general public budget revenue was 1,835,154.84 billion yuan, which was 100.1% of the budget, an increase of 6.2% over the same caliber in 2017. In addition, the transfer of funds and the use of the carry-over balance of 1,476.277 billion yuan (including central and local finance from the budget stability adjustment fund, government fund budget, state-owned capital operating budget transfer funds, and local finance use carry-over balance funds), total income The amount is 1981.641 billion yuan. The national general public budget expenditure was 220,060.07 billion yuan, which was 105.3% of the budget, an increase of 8.7%. Together with the supplement of the central budget stabilization fund of 101.854 billion yuan, the total expenditure is 221,924.61 billion yuan. The total revenue and expenditure were offset, with a deficit of 2.38 billion yuan, which was the same as the budget.
2. Central general public budget.
The central general public budget revenue was 85,447.34 billion yuan, which was 100.1% of the budget, an increase of 5.3%. In addition, the central budget stabilization fund was transferred to 213 billion yuan, and the central government fund budget and the central state-owned capital operation budget were transferred to 32.3 billion yuan, with a total income of 879.034 billion yuan. The central general public budget expenditure was 10,238.18 billion yuan, which was 99.1% of the budget, an increase of 7.7%. Together with the supplement of the central budget stabilization fund of 101.854 billion yuan, the total expenditure is 1,034.034 billion yuan. The total revenue and expenditure were offset, and the central government's fiscal deficit was 1.55 billion yuan, which was in line with the budget.
In 2018, the central reserve budget is 50 billion yuan, and the actual expenditure is 1.748 billion yuan. It is mainly used to support local efforts to strengthen the prevention and control of African pigs. The remaining 48.252 billion yuan has been transferred to the central budget stabilization fund. At the end of 2018, the balance of the central budget stabilization fund was 376.39 billion yuan.
3. Local general public budget.
The local general public budget revenue was 1,677.784 billion yuan, of which the income of this level was 9790.45 billion yuan, an increase of 7%; the central government's income from local tax return and transfer payments was 69,673.99 billion yuan. In addition, the local finance transferred from the local budget stabilization fund, the government fund budget, the state-owned capital operation budget, and the use of the carry-over balance of 12,319.77 billion yuan, with a total income of 1,790,886.26 billion yuan. Local general public budget expenditures were 1,88,198.26 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. The total revenue and expenditure were offset, and the local fiscal deficit was 830 billion yuan, which was the same as the budget.
(2) The income and expenditure of the government fund in 2018.
The national government fund income was 754.045 billion yuan, an increase of 22.6%. The national government fund related expenditure was 805.627 billion yuan, an increase of 32.1%.
The central government fund income was 403.265 billion yuan, which was 104.4% of the budget, an increase of 4.2%. Central government funds spent 402.155 billion yuan, 94.7% of the budget, an increase of 8.4%.
The local government fund's income at this level was 1,713.185 billion yuan, an increase of 23.8%. Among them, the state-owned land use right transfer income was 65,095.85 billion yuan. The relevant expenditures of local government funds were 77,472.78 billion yuan, an increase of 32.9%. Among them, the relevant expenditures for the transfer of state-owned land use rights were 69,941.04 billion yuan.
(3) The income and expenditure of the state-owned capital management budget in 2018.
The national state-owned capital operating budget revenue was 289.995 billion yuan, an increase of 9.8%. The national state-owned capital operating budget expenditure was 215.926 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7%.
The central state-owned capital operating budget revenue was 132.531 billion yuan, which was 96.3% of the budget, an increase of 1.6%. The central state-owned capital operating budget expenditure was 111.173 billion yuan, accounting for 95.1% of the budget, an increase of 10.1%.
The local state-owned capital operating budget has a revenue of 157.464 billion yuan, an increase of 17.8%. Local state-owned capital operating budget expenditure was 113.441 billion yuan, down 9.2%.
(4) The income and expenditure of the social insurance fund budget in 2018.
The national social insurance fund income was 72,649.22 billion yuan, an increase of 24.3%. After excluding the basic old-age insurance of institutions and institutions, the same caliber increased by 7.3%, of which, the insurance premium income was 525.32 billion yuan, and the financial subsidy income was 1,677.683 billion yuan. The national social insurance fund expenditure was 6.4586 trillion yuan, an increase of 32.7%. After excluding the basic endowment insurance of institutions and institutions, the same caliber increased by 12.7%. In the same year, the balance of revenue and expenditure was 806.277 billion yuan, and the accumulated balance at the end of the year was 863.371 billion yuan.
(5) Implementation of major fiscal and taxation policies and key financial work in 2018.
Vigorously implement tax cuts and reductions. Improve the VAT system. Implement personal income tax reform. Plus size and micro-enterprise tax support. Encourage enterprises to increase investment in research and development. Adjust and improve the import and export tax policy. Further clean up the regulations and charges for enterprises.
Promoting the three major battles has achieved remarkable results. Strengthen the prevention and control of local government debt risks. Strong support for poverty alleviation. Increase pollution prevention and control efforts.
Support deepening supply-side structural reforms. Promote the building of scientific and technological innovation capabilities. Support manufacturing transformation and upgrading. Encourage entrepreneurial innovation and vitality. Implement the key tasks of “three to one, one drop and one supplementâ€. Promote coordinated development of urban and rural areas.
The people's livelihood continues to improve. Implement a more active employment policy. Promote education reform and development. Strengthen basic livelihood security.
The fiscal and tax reforms have advanced in depth. Accelerate the reform of the fiscal system. Deepen the reform of the budget management system. Improve the tax system. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises.
The level of financial management continues to increase. Strengthen management basic work. Serious financial discipline. Seriously rectify the problems found in the audit.
In general, the implementation of the budget in 2018 is better, and new progress has been made in the fiscal reform and development work, which has effectively promoted sustained and healthy economic and social development. This is the result of the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core. It is the result of Xi Jinping’s scientific guidance on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It is the result of supervision and guidance by the National People’s Congress, the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the deputies. It is the region and departments. And the result of the joint efforts of people of all nationalities in the country.
2. Draft central and local budgets for 2019
(1) Analysis of the fiscal revenue and expenditure situation in 2019.
From the perspective of fiscal revenue, due to the downward pressure on the economy, the implementation of larger tax cuts and reductions, and the reduction in tax cuts and fees reduction policies in the previous year, it is expected that the fiscal revenue growth will be released in 2019. slow. From the perspective of fiscal expenditure, there is a great demand for financial funds in various fields. It supports deepening supply-side structural reforms, laying down three major battles, implementing rural revitalization strategies, strengthening scientific and technological innovation and key technological breakthroughs, and building certain projects to improve natural disaster prevention and control capabilities. To increase investment in basic areas of people's livelihood, support foreign defense and national defense, and strengthen financial support at the grassroots level, all need to be given priority protection. Comprehensive analysis shows that the fiscal revenue situation in 2019 is more severe, and the pressure of balance of payments is more prominent. We must firmly establish the bottom line thinking, effectively enhance the sense of urgency, improve the risk prevention and control capabilities, balance the relationship between stable growth and risk prevention, and further strengthen policies and funds. Coordinating and maintaining fiscal sustainability while increasing tax reductions and reducing expenditures and focusing on ensuring key expenditures.
(2) The overall requirements for budget preparation and financial work in 2019.
The overall requirements for budget preparation and financial work in 2019 are: under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, guided by Xi Jinping’s new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and fully implement the 19th and 19th Central Committee of the Party, The spirit of the Third Plenary Session, coordinating the overall layout of the "five in one", coordinating and promoting the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, adhering to the general tone of steady progress, adhering to the new development concept, persisting in promoting high-quality development, and adhering to the supply-side structure Sexual reform is the main line, insisting on deepening market-oriented reforms, expanding high-level openness, accelerating the construction of a modern economic system, continuing to lay down three major battles, focusing on stimulating the vitality of micro-subjects, innovating and improving macro-control, and coordinating the promotion of steady growth, reform, and adjustment. Structure, benefit the people, and prevent risks. Active fiscal policies should be strengthened to improve efficiency, implement large-scale tax reductions and reductions, substantially reduce the tax rate such as value-added tax; optimize the structure of fiscal expenditures, establish the idea of ​​over-tightening, strictly reduce general expenditures, and increase the focus Support the field, improve the efficiency of fund allocation, effectively reduce the burden on enterprises; accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal system, establish central and local fiscal relations with clear powers and responsibilities, coordination of financial resources, and regional balance; comprehensively implement budget performance management, accelerate the completion of all-round, whole process Fully covered budget performance management system; strengthen local government debt management, greatly increase the scale of local government special bonds, actively prevent and resolve local government debt risks, promote sustained and healthy economic development and overall social stability, and conclude the construction of a well-off society in an all-round way. Determining the decisive foundation and celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China with outstanding achievements
In accordance with the above requirements, we will focus on five aspects: First, increase tax reduction and fee reduction, and promote the development of the real economy. The second is to increase investment in key areas and increase the accuracy of expenditure. The third is to establish a tight-seaed mind and strictly control general expenditures. The fourth is to deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system and accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal system. The fifth is to open a large local standard to regulate the front door of debt, and to strictly block the back door of illegal and illegal debts.
(3) Fiscal policy in 2019.
In 2019, the active fiscal policy should be strengthened to improve efficiency, play a good counter-cyclical adjustment role, enhance the forward-looking, targeted and effective regulation, and promote the high-quality development of the economy.
“Strength†is reflected in the implementation of larger tax cuts and more expenses.
“Improving efficiency†is reflected in improving the efficiency and efficiency of financial allocation.
Main income and expenditure policy in 2019:
1. Focus on supporting deepening supply-side structural reforms.
We will continue to take the supply-side structural reform as the main line and unshakable. We will adopt more reforms and use more market-oriented and rule-of-law methods to work harder on “consolidating, enhancing, upgrading and smoothingâ€.
Consolidate the results of "three to one, one drop and one make up". Enhance the vitality of the microscopic subject. Improve the level of the industrial chain. Smooth national economic cycle.
2. Continue to support the three major battles.
Prevent and resolve financial and financial risks. Adhere to the prevention and control of both sides, effectively prevent and control the hidden debt risks of local governments. Continue to issue local government bonds to replace debts that meet the policy requirements, and fully complete the stock debt swap. Properly dispose of the hidden debt stock, urge high-risk cities and counties to reduce the size of implicit debt as soon as possible, and reduce the level of debt risk.
Strong support for poverty alleviation. The central government's special poverty alleviation fund arrangement was 126.095 billion yuan, an increase of 18.9%. The increase was mainly used in deep poverty areas. Other related transfers and debt limit allocations continue to tilt towards poor areas, especially deep poverty areas. The results of the distribution of poverty alleviation funds in provinces, cities and counties will be open, and the arrangements for the poverty alleviation projects at the rural level and the use of funds will be publicized, and the poverty alleviation funds will be resolutely prevented from being misappropriated.
Actively support pollution prevention and control. The battle for winning the blue sky will be the top priority. The central government’s budget for air pollution prevention and control will be 25 billion yuan, an increase of 25%. The elimination of urban black and odorous water bodies will be the focus of water pollution control, and the funding arrangement for water pollution prevention and control will be 30 billion yuan, an increase of 45.3%. Support the full implementation of the action plan for soil pollution prevention and control, and the funding for soil pollution prevention and control will be 5 billion yuan, an increase of 42.9%.
3. Insist on innovation and lead development.
Promote high quality development in manufacturing. Focusing on the manufacturing industry, the VAT rate will be substantially reduced, and the applicable tax rate will be reduced from 16% to 13%. The tax rebate system will be gradually established at the end of the period to effectively reduce the cost burden of enterprises. Expanded the accelerated asset depreciation policy for fixed assets to all manufacturing sectors.
Improve the ability to support science and technology. Highlight problem-oriented and demand-oriented, actively support basic research and applied basic research, and increase support for breakthrough key core technologies. Increase the stability of support for research institutes and strengthen the construction of scientific and technological talents.
4. Promote the formation of a strong domestic market.
Focus on expanding household consumption. We will improve relevant fiscal and taxation policies, support social forces to provide services such as education, culture, sports, pensions, and medical services, and foster new consumption growth points.
Play a key role in investment. The central infrastructure investment arrangement was 577.6 billion yuan, an increase of 40 billion yuan over 2018, optimizing investment direction and structure, strengthening performance appraisal, focusing on “three rural†construction, major infrastructure construction, innovation drive and structural adjustment, and affordable housing projects. , social undertakings and social governance, energy conservation and environmental protection and ecological construction.
More effective use of local government bonds. Reasonably expand the scope of use of special bonds, scientifically and rationally arrange the regional structure and investment structure of special bonds, speed up the issuance of bonds, and issue funds to raise funds for construction projects to prevent “half pull†projects.
5. Promote coordinated regional development.
Support the implementation of national major regional strategies. Guided by major strategies such as the “One Belt and One Roadâ€, the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Dawan District, and the regional integration development of the Yangtze River Delta, the four major sectors of the western, northeast, central and eastern regions are The foundation will promote the integration and development of major national regional strategies.
Further improve the level of equalization of basic public services between regions. The role of transfer payment will be exerted, and the scale of central transfer payments to the central government will be greatly increased.
Improve regional mutual assistance and benefit sharing mechanisms. The cross-provincial supplementary farmland national coordinating mechanism and the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land are linked to the inter-provincial adjustment mechanism of the surplus indicators. The proceeds are all used to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and support the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.
Promote new urbanization construction. We will further improve the fiscal transfer payment method, reasonably share the cost of urbanization of agricultural transfer population, and promote the full coverage of the permanent population of basic public services.
6. Implement the rural revitalization strategy.
Promote the high quality development of agriculture. Continue to increase the central financial agricultural production development funds, agricultural resources and ecological protection subsidies.
Strong support for rural construction. Focusing on rural waste water treatment, agricultural production waste resource utilization, toilet revolution, and village appearance improvement, we support the improvement of rural living environment.
Deepen the reform of agriculture and rural areas. Accelerate the establishment of a new agricultural support protection policy system. Deepen the reform of the agricultural subsidy system guided by green ecology.
7. Strengthen protection and improve people's livelihood.
Actively promote employment and entrepreneurship. The central government employment subsidy fund arrangement was 53.878 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9%. After adjusting the unemployment insurance fund and other expenditure structures, it vigorously promoted employment and entrepreneurship.
Support the priority development of education. We will strengthen the guarantee mechanism for compulsory education in urban and rural areas and focus on rural areas, support the improvement of weak links in compulsory education and improve capacity, focus on eliminating “large class sizes†in urban areas, and strengthen the construction of small-scale schools and boarding schools in rural areas. The central government's financial support for the development of pre-school education was 16.85 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1%. It promoted the public-run private office and expanded the resources of inclusive pre-school education.
Improve the level of old-age security. From January 1, 2019, the basic pension standard for retirees of enterprises and institutions will be raised by an average of about 5%.
Promote healthy China construction. Improve the government's investment policy for public hospitals, support the construction of regional medical centers and medical insurance information systems, and consolidate the results of public hospitals to eliminate medicines.
Strengthen basic housing security. The special funds for the central government's urban security housing projects were 143.3 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4%. Support the construction of urban public rental housing and the renovation of old residential areas, and carry out pilot projects for the development of the housing rental market.
Strengthen the people's livelihood policy. The central government medical aid subsidy fund was arranged for 27.101 billion yuan, which moderately improved the level of medical assistance. Increase the protection of children in distress and left-behind children in rural areas. Improve the living allowance for the disabled and the subsidy policy for the severely disabled.
Promote the development of cultural undertakings. The special fund arrangement for the construction of the local public cultural service system of the central government was 14.71 billion yuan, an increase of 14%. Accelerate the construction of a modern public cultural service system and improve the coverage and applicability of basic public cultural services.
8. Support national defense, foreign affairs, and political and legal work.
We will improve the system of special care and placement, implement the protection of retired military personnel, and improve the basic pension and basic medical insurance continuation policies for retired soldiers. The central government will continue to increase subsidies for military cadres, decommissioning, and special care recipients. Support the diplomacy of big countries with Chinese characteristics and deeply participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system.
(iv) General public budget revenue projections and expenditure arrangements for 2019.
1. Central general public budget.
The central general public budget revenue was 8.9 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.1% over the same number of executions in 2018. In addition, from the central budget stabilization fund transferred to 280 billion yuan, from the central government fund budget, the central state-owned capital operating budget transferred to 39.4 billion yuan, the total income of 9.2994 billion yuan. The central general public budget expenditure was 1,112.9 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%. The total revenue and expenditure were offset, and the central government deficit was 1.83 trillion yuan, an increase of 280 billion yuan over 2018. The balance of the central budget stabilization fund was 96.399 billion yuan.
(1) The central government's expenditure at this level was 3.5395 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.5%.
(2) The local transfer payment was 7.5399 billion yuan, an increase of 9%.
(3) The central reserve fee is 50 billion yuan, which is the same as the 2018 budget.
2. Local general public budget.
The local general public budget has a revenue of 10.27 trillion yuan, an increase of 4.9%. In addition, the central government's local transfer payment income was 7.5399 billion yuan, the local government transferred funds and the use of the carryover balance was 119.5 billion yuan, and the total income was 190049 billion yuan. The local general public budget expenditure was 193.49 billion yuan, an increase of 6.2%. The local fiscal deficit was 930 billion yuan, an increase of 100 billion yuan over 2018, and was made up by issuing local government general bonds.
3. National general public budget.
The central and local budgets are aggregated, and the national general public budget revenue is 192 billion yuan, an increase of 5%. Together with the transfer of funds and the use of the carry-over balance of 1.5144 trillion yuan, the total income was 2,076.4 billion yuan. The national general public budget expenditure was 2,352.44 billion yuan, an increase of 6.5%. The deficit was 2.76 trillion yuan, an increase of 380 billion yuan over 2018.
(5) Estimated and expenditure arrangements for government fund budget revenue in 2019.
The central government fund income was 419.315 billion yuan, an increase of 4%. In addition, the previous year's carry-over income was 35.824 billion yuan, and the total income was 455.139 billion yuan. Central government funds spent 454.716 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1%, of which, the expenditure of this level was 339.575 billion yuan, an increase of 9.9%; the local transfer payment was 115.161 billion yuan, an increase of 23.5%. Transferred to the general public budget of 423 million yuan.
The local government fund's income at this level was 737.546 billion yuan, an increase of 3.3%. Among them, the state-owned land use right transfer income was 67077.39 billion yuan, an increase of 3%. In addition, the central government fund paid 115.161 billion yuan for local transfer payments, 2.15 billion yuan for local government special debts, and 960.6617 billion yuan for local government funds. The relevant expenditures of local government funds were 1,964.617 billion yuan, an increase of 24.4%. Among them, the income from the transfer of state-owned land use rights was 6.4656 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.3%.
The central and local budgets were aggregated, and the national government fund income was 779.471 billion yuan, an increase of 3.4%. In addition, the previous year's carry-over income was 35.824 billion yuan and the local government's special debt income was 2.15 billion yuan. The national government fund related income was 999.095 billion yuan. The relevant expenditures of national government funds were 9.8801 trillion yuan, an increase of 23.9%.
(6) Estimated and expenditure arrangements for the budgetary revenue of state-owned capital operations in 2019.
The central state-owned capital operating budget revenue was 163.81 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%. In addition, the previous year's carry-over income was 563 million yuan, and the total income was 164.374 billion yuan. The central state-owned capital operating budget expenditure was 125.397 billion yuan, an increase of 12.8%.
The local state-owned capital operating budget has a revenue of 172.773 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7%. In addition, the central state-owned capital operating budget has a local transfer payment income of 11.8 billion yuan, and the total income is 184.573 billion yuan. The budgetary expenditure of local state-owned capital management was 126.48 billion yuan, an increase of 11.5%.
The central and local budgets are aggregated, and the national state-owned capital operating budget revenue is 336.584 billion yuan, an increase of 16.1%. In addition, the previous year's carry-over income was 563 million yuan, and the total income was 337.147 billion yuan. The national state-owned capital operating budget expenditure was 240.085 billion yuan, an increase of 11.2%.
(7) Estimated and expenditure arrangements for the budgetary income of the social insurance fund in 2019.
A summary of the central and local budgets, the national social insurance fund income of 798.754 million yuan, an increase of 9.7%, of which, insurance premium income of 569.937 billion yuan, financial subsidy income of 194.846 billion yuan. The national social insurance fund expenditure was 74,225.29 billion yuan, an increase of 15%. The balance of revenue and expenditure for the year was 542.525 billion yuan, and the accumulated balance at the end of the year was 91,762.38 billion yuan.
Third, do a solid job of fiscal reform and development in 2019
(1) Strictly implement the budget law.
(2) Deepening the reform of the fiscal and taxation system.
(3) Implement various measures for tax reduction and fee reduction.
(4) Improve the management mechanism of people's livelihood expenditures.
(5) Full implementation of budget performance management.
(6) Supporting and cooperating with the NPC to carry out budget review and supervision according to law.
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