Previously, the regulatory disputes triggered by online payments were once more prolonged. At the same time, more payment institutions that are committed to offline receipts are quietly exploring new business areas.
Recently, the "Daily Economic News" reporter survey was informed that more and more payment institutions began to get involved in industrial chain financial services, through cooperation with banks to provide financing services for merchants and individuals in the industrial chain system.
Behind the fact that third-party payment companies are involved in financing intermediary business, the traditional acquiring business is in an increasingly fierce competition. Up to now, the central bank has issued a total of 250 payment licenses, among which several large payment companies such as UnionPay Business and Alipay have obvious advantages, forcing some payment companies to find new business growth points. In addition, some organizations have turned their attention to the field of P2P online lending.
Payment agency vying as a loan intermediary
Recently, third-party payment has caused concern. First, the central bank stopped paying Alipay and Tenpay for two-dimensional code payment, and then the four major banks jointly lowered the payment amount of Alipay. Third-party payment companies are facing growing "trouble" in the rapid development process, and some enterprises take the initiative to start business transformation.
Recently, a Lakala insider told the reporter of "Daily Economic News" that Lakara is planning to make loan financing for small and micro businesses, but it does not involve corporate loans.
“Lakara’s current business is to pay for small and micro and personal services. In the future, it will consider financial value-added services for such people, such as consumer loans,†said the insider.
However, the reporter's investigation found that companies that have or will be involved in loan services are not limited to Lakara.
Tang Bao, president of Epro Payments, told reporters that since 2008, Epro has provided short-term and small-scale funds for upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, and accumulated a total of 30 billion yuan in loans. Cooperative banks include ICBC and China Merchants Bank, and Epro only charges a handling fee.
In June last year, UnionPay Business Co., Ltd. and China CITIC Bank signed a strategic cooperation agreement to jointly launch a new POS network merchant loan business. Subsequently, another third-party company remitted to the world and also cooperated with banks to provide loans for tens of thousands of small and medium-sized enterprises offline.
A person from the remittance tells the reporter of "Daily Economic News" that the banks currently cooperating with remittances include different types of state-owned four major banks, national stock exchanges, and city commercial banks. According to the source, the bank recommended by the company to different customer groups is different. The current loan amount is very low, about 50,000 yuan and 100,000 yuan. The customers are concentrated in similar professional markets such as building materials and tea.
Industry concentration is further enhanced
In fact, behind the third-party payment companies involved in the financing intermediary business, the traditional acquiring business is in the increasingly fierce competition.
According to data released by Analysys think tank, the total transaction volume of various payment services of third-party payment institutions in China reached 17.9 trillion in 2013, a year-on-year increase of 43.2%.
A ring-paying person told reporters that Huanxun is shrinking to face personal business, because in the face of fierce competition from companies such as Alipay and Tenpay, the profitability of personal business is more difficult. At present, the proportion of online business under the line is 2 :8.
“The company is also shrinking its cooperation with large-scale e-commerce platforms because of the 'store big bully'.†The aforementioned environmentalists said.
In recent years, Alipay and other online payment companies rely on many online users to grab a market share of some third-party payment companies, mobile payment growth is obvious, the gap between offline POS receipts and Internet receipts continues to shrink, Internet giant Sina In 2013, the mobile payment service was launched.
Not only that, the industry concentration has further improved. According to the data of Analysys think tank, in 2013, among the third-party payment institutions in China, UnionPay’s business transaction share accounted for 42.51%, Alipay accounted for 20.37%, and Tenpay accounted for 6.69%. . It can be seen that UnionPay Business and Alipay account for more than 60% of the market share, and the total transaction volume of the top 9 payment companies is close to 90% of the market.
In the traditional offline receipts field, there are many participants, and some third-party payment companies choose to fight price wars on the fee division. At present, the handling fee of the acquiring institution is divided into the principle of “7:2:1†(that is, 70% of the issuing card, 20% of the returning party, and 10% of the UnionPay).
The aforementioned remittance world said that the company's transaction volume in 2013 exceeded one trillion, and the transaction volume in 2012 exceeded 600 billion yuan. Looking at the transaction scale of 600 billion, the company's revenue is only about 0.17% of the transaction amount. This data is far lower than the income of the payment company calculated according to the credit card fee. The third-party payment company is expanding the acquiring business. Have to sell their own profits.
In addition, in February last year, the overall rate of food and entertainment was reduced from 2% to 1.25%. The general rate (including department stores, wholesale, social training, etc.) was adjusted to 0.78%, and the revenue of third-party payment companies was affected. Great impact.
Exploit value-added services with big data
However, third-party payment relies on the data collected and collected by the merchants accumulated by itself, and the use of big data can clearly understand the user's real financial information, provide them with financial management services, and also act as a intermediary for banks to lend to small and micro enterprises. .
The aforementioned Huanxun payers told reporters that their company had participated in the supply chain financing of a clothing chain business.
Huanxun Payment also launched a corporate fund collection and payment management platform, which can collect complete and clear financial data of enterprises, and provide an effective guarantee for enterprises to borrow from banks.
According to the reporter's understanding, Huanxun Payment did not involve the financing activities between the enterprise and the bank. The enterprise can provide the transaction data generated by the enterprise fund collection and payment management platform to the bank.
The CITIC POS loan is operated by CITIC Bank. CITIC Bank uses the POS data of the merchant as an important basis for credit. The system automatically approves the credit line and the loan interest rate, and distributes the credit for production and operation to the POS merchants who meet the loan conditions. Loans, UnionPay Business also used big data development to open up value-added services.
In fact, the payment company cooperates with the bank, and the two can complement each other in business. According to a previous survey by CreditEase, 64% of companies indicated that their daily funding shortage is within 100,000, and they are mostly used for short-term purposes, such as paying wages.
An insider of UnionPay Business told reporters that as of the end of February, UnionPay Business’s “Tiantianfu†POS loan products had completed more than 10,000 business microfinance loans with a single loan of up to 500,000.
Tang Bin also revealed that the current merchant loan period paid by Epro is mainly 3 days, 5 days and 7 days.
An analyst told the Daily Economic News reporter that the traditional micro-business of the traditional bank is difficult to match the financing needs with small quotas and short deadlines. Moreover, the traditional bank's mortgage model, whether from the perspective of risk control or cost, is difficult to cover such small and micro enterprises.
Some institutions are involved in the P2P platform
It is worth noting that there are also more and more third-party payment companies involved in loan value-added services. However, this business has not yet brought a lot of revenue to the payment company.
The aforementioned Lakala insiders expressed their wait-and-see attitude toward the reporter of “Daily Economic Newsâ€: “It seems that there is not much third-party payment to make supply chain finance effective.â€
In this context, some institutions began to look to the P2P online lending field.
Epro paid not only as the earliest loan intermediary, but also learned that Epro has its own P2P platform to provide financing services for merchants.
However, Tang Bin said that Epro's P2P platform is not the same as the general public P2P platform. The platform is completely internal and does not face the public.
But the problem is that the annualized interest rate of the P2P platform is generally 14% to 16%. Is the merchant of Epro willing to accept such a high financing rate?
In this regard, Tang Bin is not worried, he believes that Epro's own commercial credit can reduce the risk of loans, natural risk pricing is low, and the platform's loan interest rate is lower than the P2P platform for the public. “Many P2P platforms have a 20% annualized rate of return risk, and there are not many people investing. The rate of return does not measure platform competitiveness.â€
In addition to doing P2P on their own, many companies have begun to rapidly expand their P2P custody business. The aforementioned EQpayers said they have already funded hundreds of P2P platforms.
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