The HAD-CX96 intelligent digital display sliding inclinometer is based on imported sensitive components. The internal measurement system based on servo (ie force balance) has high precision, good stability and high resolution. It is widely used to observe earth-rock dams, building foundation pits, dikes, underground construction projects, rocks. Horizontal displacement changes within the soil such as the slope port engineering. It is a precision measuring instrument that is necessary for observation and measurement engineering.
working principle
In the field of geotechnical engineering, the inclinometer is mainly used to measure the movement of the soil, such as: it may produce lateral movement around the unstable slope (landslide) or the excavation process. It can also be used to monitor the stability of dams, core walls, the placement and deviation of piling or drilling, and the subsidence of soil in backfilling, embankment and underground storage tanks.
In these cases, it is usually necessary to install an inclinometer tube, install it in a underground borehole or pour the pipe into the concrete structure, or bury the pipe in the embankment. The inclinometer has four slots for securing the pulley of the portable inclinometer probe. The probe is attached to one end of the cable connected to the reader for observing the amount of vertical (or horizontal) tilt associated with the inclinometer and in this way measuring any change in the amount of tilt caused by the movement of the soil.
In order to obtain a comprehensive observation report around the soil in which the inclinometer is installed, a series of tilt measurements must be taken along the inclinometer. The conventional inclinometer probe has two sets of pulleys, which are separated by 0.5 meters. Before the test, the test tube is marked with the direction, and the test rod is marked with A+ and A- to make the calculation data consistent. Place the probe on the bottom of the inclinometer and begin reading. The probe is read every 0.5 m of lift until it reaches the top of the inclinometer. This set of readings is called the A+ reading (positive measurement). Remove the probe from the cannula, rotate it 180° and re-insert it into the inclinometer. The method is the same as above, and another set of data A-reading (reverse) is obtained.
In the data processing, the above two sets of readings (A+, A-) are combined (subtracting one set of data by another set of data) to eliminate the influence of the tilt sensor zero drift. When the inclinometer probe is in the vertical position, the reading will produce a zero drift deviation. The ideal deviation should be zero. In fact, when using the probe, the deviation of the sensor, the wear of the pulley or the drop and the bottom of the inclinometer are too A strong impact on the sensor results in a zero drift.
The next observing tube observation data, when compared with the original observation data, can be used to detect the change in the tilt amount of the inclined tube and the position change caused by these changes. The best way to analyze the amount of tilt change is by calculating the horizontal offset of the tilt angle (θ) produced by the upper pulley relative to the lower pulley block and the observed reading distance (L). Sin θ can be obtained by subtracting the two readings (A+, A-) at each position of the inclination, multiplying this value by the reading distance (L) and the corresponding coefficient to obtain an engineering unit (DGK tilting instrument) Displayed as the horizontal offset of the mm) output.
At the same time of data processing, data reliability analysis should be carried out. The usual analysis method is “checkingâ€, that is, adding two sets of readings (A+, A-), and the added part of the reading caused by the tilt is offset. , leaving only one value equal to twice the zero offset of the inclinometer sensor, expressed as a “difference†item in the constant Ord software, when the check value or the “difference†item in the software is constant, The measured data has higher reliability. Conversely, if there is a large change or sudden change in the difference, it indicates that there is a problem with the measured data. At this time, the following conditions should be checked first in the measurement process:
1. Skip or repeat reading the next reading;
2. Between readings, there is no time for the inclinometer to stand still;
3. The probe, cable or reading device is faulty. This may be due to vibration, moisture, battery power shortage, open or short circuit of the probe or cable.
4. Carefully place the pulley so that one observation of the probe pulley block is not in the same position as the other observation.
5. Place the pulley just at the joint of the inclinometer so that the reading is unstable or faulty.
,Features
DGK inclinometer is suitable for measuring the output voltage of the inclinometer probe ±2.5V inclinometer probe, built-in 20Bit ultra high resolution digital-to-analog converter, instrument configuration 64K memory and RS-232 computer interface, random communication and data processing Software for uploading data to the computer for further analysis and processing.
The instrument has a built-in rechargeable battery and a waterproof membrane panel for easy use in harsh environments.
Note: After booting, the screen displays: DGK Active Inclinometer (Ver2.0A), in which the instrument indicated by Ver2.0A has low voltage detection and automatic shutdown function.
Boot operation
1. Before starting the machine, check whether the instrument is connected to the tilt probe. The tilt probe should be connected to the five-pin socket marked with the “oblique probe†on the panel of the inclinometer by connecting the cable and the plug.
2. After pressing the “Switch†button on the panel, the instrument will display “: DGK Activity Inclinometer (HAD-CX96A)†boot prompt, pause for a while, then enter the measurement display.
Num:01 is the hole number, the hole number range (01-255), each hole number can store multiple sets of inclination data at each measurement depth (each group of data includes A+ reading and A-read), use The person should pay attention to the fixed correspondence between the hole number and the original number of the field hole.
Dep: 5.0 prompts the depth of the current tilt probe. When the power is turned on, the instrument displays the preset depth, that is, the hole setting is deep (each hole can be set to a different depth). Note: Define the bottom pulley axis of the inclinometer probe as the marker zero point.
: Indicates that the current is in the process of forward measurement (ie, the direction of the probe is consistent with the direction of the pre-measurement, called A+ reading).
: Indicates that the current counter-measurement process (ie, the direction of the probe is opposite to the direction of the pre-meter deformation, called A-reading).
: The power shortage symbol indicates that the battery voltage in the machine is insufficient and needs to be charged (the HAD-CX96A version of the instrument will automatically shut down after five minutes).
—0000.42mm: The bias value of the current tilt probe, in mm (represented by the symbol d in the following formula).
—0001.85mv: Current voltage value in mv (indicated by the symbol U in the following formula.)
Calculation formula and data processing
Voltage-displacement conversion factor
Since the output voltage is proportional to the sine of the dip.
Voltage U=KSinθ (θ is the measured tilt angle, K is the sensitivity coefficient of the inclinometer probe)
Measuring rod track L=500mm
Measuring the inclination angle Sin θ=U/K
Offset d=L·Sinθ=(L/K)·U=C·U
C: probe voltage-displacement conversion coefficient (anchor probe coefficient)
For example: for a probe with K=2285mv/g
C=L/K=500mm/2285mv=0.22853mm/mv
Note: (1) The above coefficient is the calculation result when the track is 500mm.
(2) Due to the limitation of the number of digits displayed by the DGK meter, the voltage-displacement conversion coefficient is 0.22853.
Cumulative offset
D=∑di=∑c·ui
Displacement amount = cumulative offset - initial offset
Si=D-D0
2, data processing
Formula for calculating "displacement" and "difference". The probe is set or lifted with its guide wheel along the guide groove of the inclinometer. The sensor of the probe can measure the inclination angle of the tube at each depth, and a voltage signal is outputted on the panel of the reader. The signal measured by the probe is based on the guide channel of the inclined catheter at a certain depth. At the point of the tilt angle on the standard spacing L of the upper and lower guide wheels of the probe, the signal can be replaced by a horizontal displacement.
Taking the servo acceleration probe as an example, when the accelerometer sensitive axis is in the horizontal plane, the projection of the vector g on the sensitive axis is zero, the accelerometer output is zero, and when the accelerometer sensitive axis and the horizontal plane have an inclination angle θ, the accelerometer outputs a Voltage signal.
Uout1=Ko+Kgsinθ(1)
Where: K0 is the accelerometer bias value
K is the accelerometer sensitivity
g is the acceleration of gravity
In order to remove the influence of Ko, the probe can be turned 180°. Perform a second measurement at this point,
Uout2=Ko-Kgsinθ(2)
(1)—(2) The offset value Ko is eliminated, and the difference is obtained.
Uout1-Uout2=2Kgsinθ(3)
(1) + (2) The offset value of the accelerometer is offset, leaving only 2 times the bias value, called the "difference". The above method is called the "difference sum" method for checking the quality of the measured skew data.
Seven, the main menu parameter settings
While the reader is working, press the "Menu" button to enter the main menu.
1, depth setting
(1) Hole: 001; input hole number (measuring hole selection range 001 ~ 255)
(2) Depth: 5.0m; input the depth of the current hole measurement, and the hole number and depth are in one-to-one correspondence.
Note: The depth indication point is the center of the pin of the lower guide roller of the inclinometer probe.
(3) Save&Exit; stores the above parameters and returns to the main menu.
2, parameter settings
(1) Param: 0.4; input the inclination probe coefficient C, the unit is mm/mv, and determine and input the coefficient according to the rate of the inclination probe, for example: C=0.4mm/mv.
(2) InitV: 000.00; input corrected zero voltage, the unit is mv.
Note: When the DGK activity inclinometer is used with the inclination probe for the first time, the instrument calibration zero point should be input (the calibration zero voltage is given by the inclination probe rate meter). When the inclination probe is replaced, the calibration zero of the reader should be modified.
(3) Space: 0.5m; probe track.
(4) Save&Exit; stores the above parameters and returns to the main menu.
3, date / time settings
Use the keys to move the cursor position
Select Quit to abandon the storage and select Save to modify the storage.
4, clear the storage data (see Figure 1, 2)
Whether to clear the data in the memory (EEPROM), the default value is No. If you want to clear the historical data of the memory, use the up and down keys to set to Yes, press to confirm the "menu" to start, after the clear is finished, the screen displays: 3)
5, system information
Shows the remaining data capacity in the system memory (EEPROM).
System Info
EEPROM USED:
000.00%
Used storage space
Press Any Key
To Returm
Occupy space
6, exit the menu
Note: Panel button function table
- Up button (1) Select menu option (increase)
(2) Select the number (increase)
Warning
Saving!
- Down button (1) Select menu option (decrease)
(2) Select the number (decrease)
- Move the button (1) to move the cursor to indicate the position
(2) Moving digital bits
- Confirm button (1) to enter the menu
(2) Confirm the selected function
,measuring
(1) Input and set the hole number: hole depth, probe parameters, date, time, memory capacity, etc.
(2) Connect the tilt probe and energize it to warm up.
Note: Since the inclinometer probe uses high-precision test components, it is necessary to establish a stable thermal equilibrium state when powering on. Therefore, it is necessary to turn on the machine five to ten minutes before each continuous measurement work, otherwise (measured five minutes ago) there will be a slight drift of measured values.
(3) Reading and storage
During the measurement process, it should be noted that the data of the storage display should be read as much as possible. When the probe moves to a new position, it should be allowed to stand for five to ten seconds before reading. If you need to store the memory button or remote control button on the panel, the screen will prompt: (see Figure 1)
Indicates that the storage is complete. After storing the data, the current display depth automatically subtracts one instrument track, indicating the depth of the next position of the probe. Each time storage, that is, an instrument track is subtracted until the current depth reaches 0.5m, and the storage key is pressed again. , the screen appears: (see Figure 2)
Indicates the end of the A+ direction measurement. At this time, the probe should be rotated 180° in time and slowly placed in the bottom of the measuring hole for A-direction measurement. The measurement process is the same as the A+ direction until the screen shows Dep: 0.5 (when the track is 0.5) m)), press the storage button again, the screen appears (see Figure 3)
Complete a complete measurement of the specified hole.
Note: If an error occurs during the A+ or A- measurement process, the measurement can be terminated as an incomplete measurement. If the measurement needs to be continued, it should be shut down and restarted in time to initialize the instrument operation, otherwise communication failure will occur.
(5) Supplementary test
The instrument provides the supplementary test function. If the measured data has a measured depth or the current data has to be retested, press the “Menu†button to enter the depth modification function, and use the up and down keys to select the specified depth value. , and move the probe to the depth and press the “Menu†button again to enter the measurement state. Press the “Confirm†button to re-store the measured value, and the instrument will automatically update the data in the memory.
Precautions for use
(1) Since the inclinometer probe uses high-precision test components, it is necessary to establish a stable balance state when the power is turned on. Therefore, it is necessary to turn on the machine five to ten minutes before each continuous measurement.
(2) Pay attention to the positive and negative direction setting of the probe during use, and change the positive and negative signs of the voltage level conversion coefficient C to change the positive and negative of the output displacement value.
(3) When using, pay special attention to the two hexagon socket screws connected to the concave and convex points of the cable inclination probe to repeatedly tighten, to prevent the hexagonal screw from expanding and shrinking after the water inlet test, which affects the test data, so it is tight after testing the well. Fix the hexagon socket screw once.
Ten, measurement
1. Input and set the hole measurement number; hole depth, probe parameters, date, time, memory capacity, etc.
2. Connect the tilt probe and warm it up.
Note: Since the inclinometer probe uses high-precision sensitive components, it is necessary to establish a stable thermal equilibrium state when powering on. Therefore, it is necessary to turn on the machine 10 to 20 minutes before each continuous measurement work, otherwise (measured ten minutes ago) there will be a slight drift of measured values.
3. Please refer to the DGK manual for details on the operation of the tilt probe.
4, reading and storage
Warning
Saving!
During the measurement process, it should be noted that the data of the storage display should be read as much as possible. When the probe is moved to a new position, it should be allowed to stand for five to ten minutes before reading. If you need to store and press the storage button on the panel and then remote control button, the screen will prompt:
Indicates that the storage is complete. After the data is stored, the current display position is automatically incremented by an instrument track, prompting the probe to a position. Each time it is stored, the instrument track is incremented until the current position reaches the maximum depth (MAX). Press again and the screen appears:
Indicates the end of the process in the A+ direction. At this time, the probe must be pulled out of the tube for the accuracy of the instrument, and the probe is rotated 180° in the original direction.
Put it into the measuring tube, pull the measuring cable to the near end for one track, and make the return A-direction measurement. The measurement process is the same as the A+ direction until the screen shows Dep:0.5 (when the wheel is 0.5m probe) , press the button again, the screen appears:
Indicates a complete measurement of the specified hole.
Note: If an error occurs during the A+ or A- measurement process, the measurement can be terminated as an incomplete measurement. If the measurement needs to be continued, it should be shut down and restarted in time to initialize the instrument. Otherwise, data communication failure will occur.
5, make up the test
The instrument provides the supplementary test function. If the measured data of a certain position or the current data is found to be retested during the measurement, press the or key to enter the position modification function, use the up and down keys to select the specified position value, and Move the probe to this position and press the or key again to enter the measurement state.
The key re-stores the measured value. The instrument will automatically update the data in the memory.
6, the use of precautions
(1) Since the inclinometer probe uses high-precision test components, it is necessary to establish a stable balance state when the power is turned on. Therefore, it is necessary to turn on the machine five to ten minutes before each continuous measurement.
(2) Pay attention to the positive and negative direction setting of the probe during use, and change the positive and negative signs of the voltage level conversion coefficient C to change the positive and negative of the output displacement value.
(3) When using, pay special attention to the two hexagon socket screws connected to the concave and convex points of the cable inclination probe to repeatedly tighten, to prevent the hexagonal screw from expanding and shrinking after the water inlet test, which affects the test data, so it is tight after testing the well. Fix the hexagon socket screw once.
Appendix 1 Oblique Data Processing Software (HAD-CX96A)
Description
(1) It is suitable for data communication between microcomputer or portable machine and DGK-6015 inclinometer.
(2) Before using the software, confirm that the inclinometer and the microcomputer have been connected through a dedicated communication line.
(3) The result of one measurement (a set of processes and backhaul measurement data) for each well is called a data record.
(4) Data can be transferred only when the panel displays “Press Store Key to startâ€.
install software
The software should be installed for the first time. The CD with the Beijing Heng Aode Instrument Civil Engineering Instrument and the “Measurement Data Processing Software†will be put into the CD-ROM drive. The software name is “Heng Aode-setupâ€. After double-clicking, the screen will appear on the screen. Detect the data processing software installer dialog box, select "OK" to start the installation. Follow the dialog prompts to select a program group. After selecting, click “Continueâ€, the screen displays the installation progress. When the progress reaches 100%, the installation success prompts. (A shortcut to create a constant Ord on the desktop while the installation is complete).
operating
In the main interface, click "Start" to execute "Programs" to find the constant Oude program group Click Heng Oude (or load the shortcut directly on the desktop), the main menu of "Hengodde slant data processing software" appears.
Note: The display units of positive A+, reverse A-, average offset, cumulative offset, and system deviation are all in millimeters.
(1) System settings
Set the serial port address: choose between COM1 ~ COM8
Communication baud rate: 9600bpi (the baud rate of the inclinometer is set to 9600bpi by default)
(2) Upload data
Click “Upload Data†and the “Uploading Data, Please Wait†prompt appears. After the upload is completed, the last line of the software upload status “Receive Successfullyâ€. And the number of records, pay attention to the upload data to upload all the stored data in the instrument memory, the record of the same hole number is distinguished by the operation time (year, month, day and hour).
(3) list display
Click “List Displayâ€, “Select Display Record†appears on the screen. The software distinguishes the measurement record by the combination of the measurement number of the hole number. For example, “#2 at 8:10 on May 21st†means 2# hole measurement, May 21 At 8:10 on the measurement result, select a record to display the list, click on a selected record, and then click "List". The first column is the serial number of the measuring point, indicating the number of horizontal movements of the probe, the second column is the distance (the position of the tilt probe), the third column "process A+" is the process offset, and the fourth column is "the return A-". For the backhaul offset, the fifth column is the average offset, which is the average of “Process A+†and “Return A-â€, and the sixth column is the cumulative offset, according to the formula in Section 3.1: Settlement = Cumulative Offset Quantity - initial offset. The seventh column is the system deviation, that is, the difference between “process A+†and “return A-â€. The subtraction and backward inclination angles are offset, leaving only one value equal to twice the zero offset of the horizontal inclinometer. Verify the quality of the measured data:
Any of the following conditions can compromise the quality of the data:
1) Skip or repeat reading one reading.
2) The inclinometer was not allowed to stand for a sufficient period of time before reading.
3) The probe, cable or reading device is faulty. This may be an impact, moisture, battery shortage, open or shorted probe or cable.
4) Carefully place the pulley so that the probe pulley block is not in the same position as the other observation.
5) Place the pulley just at the inclinometer joint so that the reading is unstable or faulty.
(4) Graphic display
Click “Graphic Displayâ€, “Select Display Record†appears on the screen, prompt “last measurement resultâ€, select measurement record and draw.
(5) Deposit in history
The selected measurement record, partially or completely stored as an archive file, is called "storage history", and the file format is "measuring hole number.xls", which can be called by other table processing files such as Excel, where the middle of the interface is "→" The symbol indicates that the selected record file is saved as an archive file, the "â†" symbol indicates undo, the "all →" symbol indicates that all the record files are saved as an archive file, and the "↠all" symbol indicates undo. After selecting “Saveâ€, when the file conversion is completed, the “Saved†prompt appears on the screen.
(6) Historical data analysis (curve drawing)
After selecting “Historical Curve Analysisâ€, enter the hole number display, select a hole number, the software will list all the historical data, and the user can select some or all of the records for drawing and printing.
(7) Historical data analysis (list display)
After selecting “Historical Data Displayâ€, enter the hole measurement number display, select a hole number, the software will list all the historical data, and the user can choose to specify a record for report display and printing.
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