Asparagus is recorded in the Liliaceae, edible, common wild vegetables, and more artificial planting. This article introduces the precautions for asparagus planting.
Asparagus morphology
Asparagus, mostly roots and leaves, has a wide root section and can be propagated every year. The width is about 4 mm, the life is long, and the nutrient storage effect is obvious. And the asparagus grows green, can be directly fried and eaten, and the roots and stems are fresh and crisp, and the taste is excellent. And the asparagus is mostly soil culture, the growth height is about 1.5 meters, and the root growth is mainly in the horizontal direction.
The leaf-shaped growth of asparagus is mostly true leaf and pseudo-leaf. It is multi-parasitic between the root nodes, showing a thin film scale, and the leaf shape is small. The main state of the asparagus is straight, and the leaf-shaped branch is not obvious.
The asparagus flowering period is from May to June each year, while the fruiting period is from September to October. The flower pattern is mostly dioecious, and the growth is bell-shaped, while the joints grow mostly male flowers, close to the perianth, and the female flowers. Smaller, about 3 mm in length, red when the fruit is ripe, and green in the growing season.
Asparagus cultivation technology
Breeding method
Sub-plant breeding: This kind of breeding method, mostly after breeding, directly selects robust plants, colonizes them in cultivated soil, has the advantages of neatness and high survival rate, but after colonization, its growth is slow and longevity. Shorter, can give excellent varieties, and better yield.
Seed reproduction: The method of seed propagation can enhance the number of reproduction, and this type of reproduction is faster during the growth period, with higher yield and longer life, but most of them are common varieties.
Live reproduction: live reproduction, low emergence rate, but has a high yield advantage, it will easily breed weeds, artificial weeding. And live reproduction, the work pressure is small, easy to plant, but the general root part of the cloth is shallow, easy to fall, short life. The only downside is that day-to-day management is more difficult and the land utilization rate is smaller.
Nursery choice
According to the classification of varieties, asparagus can be divided into two types: small seedlings and large seedlings. In the open-air cultivation, the large seedlings are mainly used, and the growth can reach about 30 cm and can be transplanted. The key to the success of seedlings is to choose a good nursery. The following should be done:
1. The asparagus roots have strong reproductive ability, so it is necessary to consider the multi-steps such as ramets and seedlings. The soil preparation of the nursery is mostly loose sand, moderately acidic and alkaline, and rich in organic matter. Good drainage performance, water retention performance, soil properties are slightly acidic, and the pH value is about 6.7. Avoid choosing sticky soil, otherwise it will increase the difficulty of seedling.
2. The soil should be tested in advance, and there are no factors that cause blight and purple feather disease. For example, if carrot, cotton, ramie or mulberry soil are planted beforehand, it is not suitable for planting.
3. Nursery should pay attention to the breeding performance of weeds, and should avoid the existence of perennial weeds, so many will be due to the more developed weed roots, the difficulty of artificial removal, the rearing of asparagus, the reproductive capacity of weeds, and the daily nutrients. Enhanced, difficult to handle.
Breeding method
Site preparation: After selecting the nursery, you can apply the decomposed manure and then plow the tillage. The depth of cultivation is about 5 cm. Secondly, considering the acidity of the soil, the lime can be directly scattered on the soil surface to balance acid and alkali. After the establishment of a sorghum of about 1.5 directly, the main purpose is irrigation and drainage. After deep ploughing, you can choose to spray 100 times of formaldehyde before planting, which can inhibit the growth of weeds without affecting soil nutrients.
Sowing: Before sowing, the seeds can be germinated, soaked in warm water of 20 degrees Celsius, soaking time is 2 days, and the water can be changed once in the morning and evening, then the seeds are soaked directly in winter. It is buried in the sand and can be planted in early spring. The sowing time can take into account local climatic factors. Generally, it can be planted in the open air. The temperature is about 30 degrees Celsius, and the ground temperature can be kept at 10 degrees Celsius. Therefore, it can be suitable for spring sowing. Generally, it can be used in the southern region. In about January, you can sow seeds and spread the asparagus seeds evenly on the surface without watering.
Management of seedlings: Mostly about one week after sowing, you can choose thin manure and manure for irrigation, and then watering and fertilizing every two weeks, but when the seedlings grow to a strong period, they will reduce the number of water and fertilizer.
Valerian: After about two weeks of sowing, seedlings can be sprouted, and after one month, weeds can grow, artificial weeds, and herbicides. Valerian work can enhance the reproductive capacity of asparagus and improve the robustness of the plant.
Seedling: After planting for about one month, seedlings can be planted. It can be planted in about March. The seedlings should be selected from healthy seedlings, then wrapped in soil, selected for planting in early spring and evening, and the choice of planting sites. It needs to have good drainage performance, and the distance between each plant is about 5 cm.
Field management: As the asparagus is planted in the open air, the location should be leeward, avoiding the seedlings. In the week after planting, it should be watered frequently. The rainy season can reduce the number of watering, but the seedling can be maintained. It can be 2 times, the first time after colonization, and the second time after fruiting.
Planting FAQ
1. Discoloration of asparagus: This disease occurs mostly in white bamboo shoots. Under normal circumstances, the asparagus color is white or milky yellow when harvested, and it will turn green or red due to planting reasons. The reason for discoloration is mostly because the soil is too thick or the soil is too sandy, causing the roots of the asparagus to be in direct contact with the sunlight, the soil temperature is high, and the root growth is mutated. Therefore, if the temperature is too high, attention should be paid to watering.
2. Growth malformation: Asparagus plants have a good shape, but because of the details of the planting method, they grow deformed and the thickness is uneven. The main reason is that the organic fertilizer is applied excessively, causing the root contact temperature to rise and stimulating the growth point of the stem. Abnormal development.
3. Hollow bamboo shoots: Asparagus hollow disease is more convenient, mostly because of the imbalance of nutrient ratio, improper proportion of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and many other appearances. Therefore, seedling cultivation should be reasonable, and scientific reproduction is the key.
Summary: The open-air asparagus planting precautions, and methods are introduced as above, and in addition to the common diseases such as growth malformation, discoloration, and hollowness, asparagus also has abnormal growth characteristics such as odor and cracking. The reason is mostly due to daily maintenance mistakes. Therefore, it is important to learn the correct way to grow asparagus.
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